introduction to photography

Introduction to Photography

Photography is the process, activity and art of creating still or moving pictures/images by recording radiation captured on a sensitive medium, such as a photographic film, or an electronic sensor. Light patterns reflected or emitted from objects activate a sensitive chemical or electronic sensor during a timed exposure, usually through a photographic lens in a device known as a camera. That also stores the resulting information chemically or electronically. Photography has many uses for business, science, art and pleasure.


Photography and its genres

Photography falls in to a range of different genres, which can all be identified by their characteristics, for example:
·

• Commercial photography is used advertise. it is probably best defined as any photography for which the photographer is paid for images rather than works of art. In this light money could be paid for the subject of the photograph or the photograph itself. Wholesale, retail, and professional uses of photography would fall under this definition. Commercial photographs are made to illustrate and usually sell a service or product. These images, such as packshots, are generally done with an advertising agency, design firm or with an in-house corporate design team.
  
  
  
  
• Fashion and glamour photography: This type of photography usually incorporates models. Fashion photography emphasizes the clothes or product, glamour emphasizes the model. Glamour photography is popular in advertising and in men's magazines. Models in glamour photography may be nude, but this is not always the case.
  
  
  
• Crime Scene Photography: This type of photography consists of photographing scenes of crime such as robberies and murders. A black and white camera or an infrared camera may be used to capture specific details.
  
• Still life photography usually depicts inanimate subject matter, typically commonplace objects which may be either natural or man-made.
  
• Photojournalism: this can be considered a subset of editorial photography. Photographs made in this context are accepted as a documentation of a news story.
  
• Wedding photography: photographs made and sold directly to the end user of the images.
  
• Landscape photography: photographs of different locations.
  

Wildlife photography that demonstrates life of the animals.




Camera
A camera is a device which records images, either as a still photograph or as moving images known as videos or movies, the term camera comes from the camera obscura, an early mechanism of projecting images where an entire room functioned as a reactive imaging system; the modern camera evolved from the camera obscura.

Shutter
In photography a shutter is a device that allows light to pass for a determined period of time for the purpose of exposing photographic film or a light sensitive electronic server of light to capture a permanent image of a scene.

Aperture
In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. In photography this can be measured in increments called F-stops.

Lens
The lens of a camera captures the light from the subject and brings it to focus on the film or detector.

Exposure Control
The size of the aperture and the brightness of the scene controls the amount of light that enters the camera during a period of time, and the shutter controls the length of time that the light hits the recording surface. Equivalent exposures can be made with larger aperture and a faster shutter speed or a corresponding smaller aperture and with the shutter speed slowed down.